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You better be concerned because your water filter may not help
Would you be concerned about getting cancer, birth defects, genetic damage, digestive problems, spleen damage, liver damage, kidney damage, and lowered immunity from drinking water? Of course you would! Well, it's time to jack up your concern to ultra-high levels because there's a new chemical kid on the block that many municipalities are dumping into your water supply in order to supposedly purify the water you drink... and your water filter - the one you spent hundreds of dollars for - will most likely not remove this new kid.
While creating safe drinking water has never been a simple matter, least of all today in our toxic, highly chemical world, modern water purification methodologies seem to be getting themselves deeper and deeper in trouble in seeking out inexpensive ways to solve the problem. Chlorine, the inexpensive chemical of choice of the US public water department for decades, is now being replaced in many areas with another inexpensive chemical, Chloramine.
The reason chlorine is a problem
The danger of the carcinogenic by-products that Chlorine leaves behind once it has evaporated, such as trihalomethanes, (THMs) have finally registered enough concern with the government that they're trying to reduce the amount of Chlorine used in our water; but now there is concern that this smaller amount isn't enough to do the job everywhere. THMs are created as a byproduct of free Chlorine coming in contact with organic material present in the water supply. The THMs seem to be the real culprits in health problems related to the use of Chorine.
This leads us to the newest chemical on the water block, Chloramine. The good thing about Chloramine is that it produces a lower amount of THMs. It has already been chosen in many parts of America as a replacement for chlorine where the water treatment problem is bigger than the new lower guidelines of Chlorine can handle. What water treatment plants in America like about Chloramine is that you can use a very small amount as it doesn't evaporate like chlorine and it sticks around to do the job; however, they're willing to overlook the fact that Chloramine, a mixture of Chlorine and Ammonia, even in small amounts is still a dangerous nerve gas and new research indicates that it has a propensity to create even more dangerous by-products than chlorine, that may be even more carcinogenic. Some people claim that the verdict is still out on the safety of Chloramine, but given the past track records of products that were supposedly safe turning out to be harmful, there is reason for great concern.
The dangers of chloramine
A study conducted by the University of Illinois demonstrates that one of the by-products of the chloramination, known as iodoacids (EYE-O-doe-acids), may be the most toxic ever found in drinking water. The concern is not only the genetic damage it can cause in mammals (including humans) that drink chloraminated water, but also the fact that these dangerous chemicals are being released back into the environment where fish, wildlife, and the food chain may be adversely affected.
What we know for sure about Chloramines demonstrates that they are both reactive and persistent -- not only in water, but also in human tissue. One study demonstrated that after 5 days, over 95% of a single dose of Chloramine administered to laboratory rats was still concentrated in tissues including plasma, blood, skin, packed cells, kidney, nerves, testes, thymus gland, spleen, liver, muscle tissue, bone marrow, etc. Imagine if you are drinking and bathing in this every single day.
We now know that chlorination has contributed greatly to heart disease, cancer, and other serious health issues in our human population. There is no reason to believe that chloramination will prove to be less troublesome. In fact, just the opposite is likely. Notwithstanding this information, utility companies around the country routinely misinform their customers, telling them that Chloramines are effectively neutralized by stomach acids before they can reach the blood.
And if things weren't bad enough, Chloramine, unlike Chlorine, is extremely difficult to remove from water. It will go right through most filter systems like carbon block and ceramics, and reverse-osmosis and distillers. This may be one of the most dangerous aspects of chloramine. Today thousands and thousands of people have water filters. They range from the small pitcher-type filters to expensive counter top carbon and reverse osmosis systems, to systems for the whole house. Many people also have filters for their showers because the skin, being the largest organ in the body, can directly absorb free chlorine through the pores. Here's the catch. The vast majority of the filters in homes and businesses today are effective for removing significant amounts of free Chlorine, but are ineffective at removing Chloramine. While the shift to Chloramine may result in a whole new round of filter sales, this is certainly not good news for the average consumer.
Chloramine can be removed with the right filters
Most people who have experience Chloramine in their water supply complain of bad taste, bad odor, and even skin irritation. Chloramine can be removed, but it takes much more effort to remove it. Activated Carbon, similar to the carbon found in many of today's water filters will remove it. Compared to Chlorine, the problem is that it takes much more carbon to get the job done and the water must be in contact with the carbon for a longer period of time. Catalytic Activated Carbon is an answer to those problems and catalytic bituminous-based carbon is the best choice for Chloramine removal. Today, most of those filters are whole house filters in the ,000 price range.
The best strategy you can follow is to determine whether your local water utility is using Chloramine. Unfortunately you may need to be a little sneaky and pose as a student doing a report on water purification because, frankly, not all utilities will be forthcoming about their use of Chloramine. If you are told that Chloramine is used, then you can be certain that is correct. If you are not told it is used, don't necessarily believe it. There are inexpensive test kits available through the internet. Get one and use it on your household water supply. If the test is positive for Chloramine, then look into a whole house filter.
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Fresh water is essential to our health and comfort. Not only do we rely on it to stay hydrated, we use it in many other ways including bathing, cleaning and cooking food, and laundering our clothes. Fresh water has long been a concern of both public communities and private individuals, and several different water purification systems and treatment technologies have been developed to help ensure that tap water is safe for human consumption. But how do these different technologies compare?
Whether you get your water from a well or a city system, water sources can become contaminated by bacteria, runoff, and improper treatment. Even if water isn't contaminated, it may contain iron and other hard minerals that cause discoloration and can build up in the body, or chlorine that leaves an unpleasant odor and taste. Consequently, many people choose to treat or filter their water to improve flavor and protect against contaminants.
Chlorine is commonly used by municipal water treatment plants and is effective in killing many different bacteria. However, it is not effective against some organisms such as Cryposporidium and Giardia. Both of these organisms can be found in lakes, rivers, and ground water and can cause serious intestinal illness.
As mentioned, many people feel that chlorine leaves an unpleasant taste and smell. In addition, there have been numerous cases where the city water supply became contaminated despite the fact that it was treated. People with city water supplies often use other water purifiers and home water filters to ensure that their water is pure and tastes good. The three most common options are carbon filters, reverse osmosis water filters, and ultraviolet light water purification.
Each of these technologies uses a different approach to treat water, and they each have different levels of effectiveness against various contaminants. One may work well to remove chemicals but be completely ineffective against bacteria, and vice versa.
In reality, there is no single filter or treatment that will eliminate every contaminant from your water. The best approach is to have your water tested for contaminants and then purchase a home water purifier that guards against the particular contaminants that cause you concern.
Another option is to combine treatment technologies. Most higher-end systems use a combination of carbon filters and one of the other treatment technologies to achieve the best results. Let's look at the different technologies to see where each is effective.
Carbon Filters
Carbon is one of the most powerful absorbents available and it has been used for many years as a means of removing impurities. The absorbing powers of carbon can be further enhanced by adding a slightly positive electrical charge. This is known as activated carbon, and it is used in many standard home water filters. As the water passes over the positively charged carbon, the negative ions of the contaminants are drawn to the surface of the carbon granules and removed from the water.
Activated carbon filters typically use granular activated carbon (GAC) or powdered block carbon. Both work well for filtering and purifying but carbon block filters have been shown to remove more contaminants. Either type of activated carbon filters help reduce or remove a wide variety of contaminants, including:
o volatile organic chemicals (VOCs)
o pesticides and herbicides
o chlorine, radon, and other chemicals often found in tap water.
All of this protection comes in a relatively inexpensive package. You can purchase carbon filter systems that fit on your faucet for about , or you can choose a whole house water purification system that utilizes carbon filter technology for around 0.
However, unless they are densely compacted, most carbon block filters are not effective at removing heavy metals or bacteria. For this reason, many people consider combining carbon filters with one of the other types of water purification systems.
Reverse Osmosis Water Filters
Reverse osmosis, also known as hyperfiltration or ultra-filtration, was developed with U.S. government funding as a means of desalinating ocean water. A reverse osmosis water purifier uses a semi-permeable membrane that allows pure water to pass through it, while contaminants are trapped by the tiny pores in the membrane.
The process requires that the water be pressurized to help force it through the membrane. Most standard residential water systems have sufficient pressure. Like activated carbon filters, reverse osmosis also uses charged particles to help filter out impurities.
The effectiveness of a reverse osmosis water purifier depends on the density of the membrane. A membrane with larger pores will obviously let larger impurities pass through. It is also important that the membrane be cleaned regularly for proper functioning.
Higher quality reverse osmosis water filters use a process known as crossflow to allow the membrane to continually clean itself. Crossflow directs some of the water downstream from the membrane, sweeping the rejected contaminants away so they do not build up and block the membrane.
There are two types of membranes commonly used in reverse osmosis water filters --Thin Film Composite (TFC) and Cellulose Triacetate (CTA). TFC membranes are noticeably more effective the CTA membranes but they tend to be less resistant to the deteriorating effects of chlorine. This problem can be avoided by using an activated carbon pre-filter to remove the chlorine first.
Reverse osmosis water purifiers come in different sizes and styles including countertop and whole house water purification systems. They are capable of filtering out a long list of contaminants including:
o chlorine and other treatment related products
o bacteria
o salts, sugars, proteins
o dyes
o heavy metals
One drawback of reverse osmosis water filters is that they are more expensive than carbon filter treatment systems, with the average home system costing around 0. Also, the purification process is usually somewhat slow due to the use of pressurized water. It can take an entire day to produce 15 gallons of purified water. And a typical reverse osmosis water purifier may need up to 8 gallons of untreated water to generate a single gallon of purified water.
UV Water Purification
As the name implies, ultraviolet light water purification systems use ultraviolet (UV) light to treat water and render microorganisms harmless. The UV light comes from a high intensity lamp that is usually enclosed in a protective quartz sleeve. When water passes through the water treatment system, the UV light damages the structure of any organisms and makes them sterile.
Although a UV water purifier requires electricity to operate, it draws about the same amount of energy as a light bulb. However, the lamp bulb itself needs to be replaced every year to ensure adequate intensity.
While whole house UV water purification systems are effective on most bacteria, viruses, molds, algae and other organisms, they do not remove chlorine, heavy metals, VOCs, or other chemicals. And countertop UV systems, which expose the water to UV lighting for less time, do not always remove all organisms.
UV water purifiers average around 0 for a whole house system, making them more expensive initially than other types of treatments. In addition, without a pre-filter system, contaminants can build up and reduce the intensity of the UV lamp. For these reasons, many people combine UV water purification systems with carbon filters, which also increases the costs.
As you can see, each of the three common water treatment technologies has its advantages and drawbacks. Deciding which is best depends on your budget and the type of water contaminants you want to remove or prevent. A test of your tap water will help you determine the appropriate water filtration system for your needs.
Omnipure Q5755 Deionization Water Filter: The Omnipure Q5755 water filter is "user friendly".and can be used in ice makers, beverage equipment, drinking water fountains, RO systems, and under sink water filtration systems. Replacement of the spent media bed is done quickly by detaching the filter body from a permanent head with a twist of the wrist. The new Q5755 filter body is just as easily threaded into the head and the replacement is then complete. The Omnipure Q5755 water filter can be used with the optional Twist Tap in-head valve system, which automatically turns the supply water off when the body is disconnected from the head. The Omnipure Q5755 Deionization water filter reduces salt and TDS (Total Disolved Solids) from your water.
